Aboriginal and Northern Affairs Canada, List of Recognized Institutions, https://www.aadncaandc.gc.ca/eng/1100100015606/1100100015611 (accessed 3 March 2015). ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Deschatelets Archives, Oblates of Mary Immaculate, Ottawa, HR 6796.C73R 2, Oblates of Mary Immaculate to Indian Affairs, 15 November 1923. [SPR-000436] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Headquarters, 775/25-1-006, 01/39–08/72, volume 2, HQ., Calgary, L. Beuglet to G. H. Gooderham, 1 February 1951. [AMP-006646] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, 775/6-1-GHC, volume 1, 05/1973–06/1975, RCAP, E. W. Robinson to Don McBride, 27 April 1973. [AMP-010378] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada – Ottawa, RG10, volume 3834, file 65138, part 4, E. M. Legal to Indian Commissioner, Regina, 30 March 1887. [SAC-000211-0001] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Deschatelets Archives Ottawa, HR 6103.C73R 4, Report of the Indian Affairs Branch for the Year ended 31 March 1962, 31. [OMI-030380] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1891, 62. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Deschatelets Archives Ottawa, HR 6103.C73R 4, Report of the Indian Affairs Branch for the Year ended 31 March 1962, 31. [OMI-030380] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1908, xxxiv. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Deschatelets Archives Ottawa, HR 6103.C73R 4, Report of the Indian Affairs Branch for the Year ended 31 March 1962, 31. [OMI-030380] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1898, 444. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada – Edmonton, 4700-10-435, volume 1, 9/87–12/88, NAC, Edmonton, Sheila Carr-Stewart to Jim Twigg, 14 January 1988. [MRY-008208] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1890, 82; Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1891, 180. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, 773/6-1-, 04/66– 07/75, volume 3, RCAP, E. J. Dosdall to Regional Advisor, Engineering and Architecture, 3 July 1975. [PUL-002529] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1900, 343–344. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, NAC, file 772/6-1-001, 01/67–10/69, “Cluny Indian School Closing,” by Don Peacock [Calgary Albertan] , 20 December 1969. [CFT-002237] ↩︎

Indian Residential Schools of the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement 2011, IRS School Chart – INAC 2011, document provided to the TRC by Aboriginal and Northern Affairs Canada, 29 September 2011. Indian Affairs began funding the school in 1902. Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1903, 241, 387–388. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, 775/6-1, 03/72–08/76, volume 3, RCAP, E. J. Dosdall to G. K. Gooderham, 26 June 1973. [MAR-001983] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1924, 13. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – AB Regional Records Office – Edmonton, 774/1-13, volume 2, 07/1968–07/1975, CR – ALB, [Illegible] for W. Evan Armstrong to Churchman, 21 May 1968. [EDM-009699] ↩︎

McCarthy, From the Great River, 160; Carney, “Grey Nuns and Children,” 291; Duchaussois, Grey Nuns, 148. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Main Records Office – Ottawa, 701/25-20-1, 1965–1975, volume 1, CR HQ, E. J. Dosdall to Chief, Student Residence Services, Ottawa, 6 March 1974. [RCA-001185] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada – Ottawa, RG10, volume 3952, file 134858, Indian Affairs, Public Archives – Archives Publiques Canada, Indian Affairs, “Minutes,” 5 August 1900. [AGL000570] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Main Records Office – Ottawa, 775/6-1-005, Jan/64–Feb/73, volume 5, DIAND, Central Records – HQ, R. F. Davey to Henri Routhier, 23 August 1968. [FTV-006722-0000] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1887, 178. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Main Records Office – Ottawa, 772/16-2-002, 1966–1971, volume 2, CR-HQ, H. W. Allen to Mr. D. P. Nigra, 20 April 1971. [OLD-000209] ↩︎

Brandak, “A Study of Missionary Activity,” 108. ↩︎

Indian Residential Schools of the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement 2011, IRS School Chart – INAC 2011, document provided to the TRC by Aboriginal and Northern Affairs Canada, 29 September 2011. ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1884, 76. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Provincial Archives of Alberta, PAA 71.220 B92 3866, W. M. Graham to Principal, Ermineskin Roman Catholic Boarding School, 28 October 1922. [OGP-030045] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1895, 131. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, E4974-2021, 1975-1980, volume 2, RCAP, K. W. Johnson to D. W. Simpson, 4 September 1975. [ERM-002507-0000] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Headquarters, 777/25-1-007, 02/13–03/65, volume 1, HQ., D. C. Scott to Frank Pedley, 9 April 1913. [GRU-002710] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1969–1970, 128. ↩︎

Persson, “Blue Quills,” 50. ↩︎

Persson, “Blue Quills,” 51. ↩︎

Brandak, “A Study of Missionary Activity,” 37. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, volume 6380, file 769-1, part 1, A. F. MacKenzie to Dr. T. B. R. Westgate, 8 August 1932. [WFL-000246] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada – Ottawa, 757-1, part 1, volume 6355, 1886–1927, NAC, J. D. McLean to E. H. Yeomans, 28 December 1922. [MOR-004751-0001] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1969–1970, 128. ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1894, 91. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, volume 6350, file 753-1, part 1, J. F. Woodsworth to James Endicott, 5 June 1919. [EDM-000242] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, volume 6345, file 751-5, part 1, 1896–1902, Microfilm reel C-8701, Lumber list for erecting Indian Boarding School Building, 1 August 1898; [BQL-007304] TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, volume 6345, file 751-5, part 1, 1896–1902, Microfilm reel C-8701, H. Leduc to A. E. Forget, 4 September 1898. [BQL-007314] ↩︎

Indian Residential Schools of the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement 2011, IRS School Chart – INAC 2011, document provided to the TRC by Aboriginal and Northern Affairs Canada, 29 September 2011. In 1987, Indian Affairs informed the Blue Quills administration that it would not provide funding for the high school program after June 1988. The decision was driven, at least in part, by the desire of other local First Nations to develop their own high school programs. Indian Affairs continued to fund post-secondary programs at Blue Quills. The high school program and associated residence closed in June 1988. That year, seventy-six Grade Twelve students graduated from the school: the largest graduating class in the high school’s twelve-year history. TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file E4974-2020, volume 3 (Ctrl #7-7), D. Wattie to G. P. Kerr, 17 March 1988; [NCA-007261-0000] Blue Quills First Nations College, Pimohteskanaw, 14. ↩︎

The St. Albert Mission was founded in 1861. Choquette, The Oblate Assault, 86. The Grey Nuns arrived in 1853 and established a school in that year. Côté, “St. Albert,” 33. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada – Ottawa, RG10, volume 6364, file 760-1, part 2, 1936– 1948, Microfilm reel C-8717 PAC, R. A. Hoey to Deputy Minister, 3 September 1948. [SAL-000283] ↩︎

Canada’s Historic Places, St. Augustine’s Roman Catholic Mission, http://www.historicplaces.ca/en/rep-reg/place-lieu.aspx?id=11611 (accessed 23 February 2015). ↩︎

The Smoky River school is included in the 1908 Indian Affairs annual report list of Alberta boarding schools (Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1908, 2:56), but not in the 1909 report (Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1909, 2:20). ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1893, 292–293. ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1922, 18. ↩︎

Brandak, “A Study of Missionary Activity,” 37. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Main Records Office – Ottawa, 777/16-2-009, 1966–1967, volume 2, CR-HQ, L. E. Wrag for R. F. Davey to Chief Treasury Officer, 15 March 1966. [JON-001035] ↩︎

Brandak, “A Study of Missionary Activity,” 83. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – AB Regional Records Office – Edmonton, 777/6-1-769, 01/05–09/50, CR-AB, [Illegible], Director to L. A. Dixon, 10 June 1950. [WFL-000753] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1905, 249–250. ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1940, 186. ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1894, 158. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, 978/25-13, volume 1, Student Residence – Gen. 10/05/1973–11/15/1979, Control No. 449-80, IRSRC – Historical Files, Larry Wight to District Supervisor, 2 October 1974. [MIK-008346-0005] ↩︎

Indian Residential Schools of the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement 2011, IRS School Chart – INAC 2011, document provided to the TRC by Aboriginal and Northern Affairs Canada, 29 September 2011. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada – Burnaby, RG10, FA 10-147, V1985-86/476, box 16 [18], file 989/25-8, volume 6, Indian Education – Educational Assist. – Gen., [dates illegible] 1976–77, NAC Burnaby, Smith to Cahoose, 19 July 1977. [JOE-014593] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1894, 203. ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1941, 165. ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1890, xi. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada – Burnaby, RG10, FA 10-138, volume 13464, file 964/25-1, part 1, Education – General, 05/1969–12/1970, NAC Burnaby, R. M. Hall to G. D. Cromb, 21 May 1970; [EGN-002451] TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada – Burnaby, RG10, FA 10-189, Acc. v96-97/816, file 6-1, box 4, 1972 Contract Documents [Kamloops Indian Residential School], NAC – Burnaby, G. D. Cromb to W. L. Fraser, 26 May 1970. [EGN-011708] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1922, 18. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada – Burnaby, file 965/6-1-012, part 22, Lejac Residential School, 1973–1976, FA 10-138, Acc. V1985-86/397, box 2 [502381], National Archives of Canada – Burnaby, Friesen to E. Korchinski, 9 July 1976. [LEJ-009413] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1890, xi. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada – Burnaby, RG10, FA 10-145, Acc. v85-86/496, file 963/251, Perm. volume 1, Education 1974–78, NAC – Burnaby, R. G. Lyon to K. W. Manuel, 4 July 1978. [KAM-009590] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1906, 482. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada – Ottawa, file 883-1, part 2, Bella Coola Agency – Kitamaat, Residential School – General Administration, 1933–1950, FA 10-17, Perm. volume 6451, Microfilm reel C-8773, Library and Archives Canada – Ottawa, George Dorey to Harold W. McGill, 21 April 1941. [KMT-095750] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1890, xi. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, GARDD, V1985-86/397, 901/25-13-1, box 502381, volume 1, 1973–1975, R. Evans to Regional Supervisor, 7 July 1975. [SLT-002387] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, file 942-5, part 4, 1950–51, volume 6482, Microfilm reel C-8796, A. H. Fleury to B. H. Neary, 22 January 1951. [LOW-000506] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, box 66, Acc. 1988-1989/057, General Correspondence Lower Post Students Residence, 1965–1978, G. K. Gooderham to Department Secretariat, 2 May 1975. [LOW-041388] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1903, 437. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, No document location, no document file source, E-4974-2030 V.1, I. R. Shand to J. Epp, 23 August 1979. [GRG-022833] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1900, 281. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, British Columbia Archives – Victoria, Vertical Files – Christie IRS, Microfilm reel 28, frame 1988, B.C. Archives, George Nicholson, “Indian Children Give up Their School in the Forest,” Vancouver Sun, 15 June 1971. [CST-800006] ↩︎

Gresko, “Paul Durieu,” http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/durieu_paul_12E.html (accessed 31 August 2014). McNally gives the opening as 1862: McNally, Lord’s Distant Vineyard, 67; TRC, NRA, The British Columbian, 11 May 1865, page 3; [OMS-000291] TRC, NRA, Mission Community Archives, file 660.6, L. Fouquet to J. Douglas, 23 May 1867. [MIS-005038] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – BC Regional Records Office – Vancouver BC-CR, V87-395, box: 87-09-D40/42009, E4974-2031, volume 3, 04/83–07/84, C. E. Van Alstyne to Joe Aleck, 25 June 1984. [MIS-000494] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1900, 420. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada – Ottawa, RG10, FA 10-379, 1999-01431-6, box 405, 987/25-1-013, part 1, Indian Education – Fraser District – St. Paul’s School, 1959–1968, NAC – Ottawa, W. S. Arneil to R. F. Davey, 16 February 1959. [SQU-000672] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1894, 165. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, 6-1-2032, Alberni Indian Residential School, Control No. 303-13, 11/1970–12/1978, IRSRHF, W. R. Cooke to Regional Director, 9 August 1973. [ABR-021977-0000] ↩︎

Bolt, Thomas Crosby and the Tsimshian, 63. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, file 886-1, part 3, Skeena River Agency – Port Simpson Girls Residential School, 1894–1950, FA 10-17, Perm. volume 6458, Eva Middleton to Superintendent Indian Education, 27 September 1948. [PSM-200706] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1905, 217. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada – Burnaby, RG10, FA 10-137 v86-87/243, volume 4 [501374], 987/25-13-1 School Closures – Sechelt, part 1, 1975–1977, NAC – Burnaby, J. M. Neely to B. Banner, 7 July 1975. [MIS-007429] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1890, 248. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Agness Jack, “New Use for St. Joseph’s Mission: Now Adult Education Centre,” Williams Lake Tribune, 10 September 1981. [WLM-000627] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1888, xii. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file 1/25-1-7-3, volume 2 (Ctrl #14-21), J. B. Bergevin to Mrs. Gordon Long, 2 July 1970. [NCA-001847] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1895, 203. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada – Winnipeg, RG10, Acc. 2001-01035-4, box 015, file 501/25-13-082G, volume 1, Soulodre, J. P. to Manitoba Telephone System, 7 June 1972. [BRS006834] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, R776-0-5 (RG55), volume 290, T.B. #626127, May 14, 1964, Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources to Treasury Board, “Details of request to the Honourable the Treasury Board,” 20 April 1964. [120.10656A] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, file 380/6-2-007, volume 1, C. L’Heureux to W. J. McGuire, 22 March 1972; [PHQ-005693] INAC – Archival Unit – Ottawa, file 5150/C6-1, volume 1, D. Davidson to the Secretary-Treasurer, “Junior HIgh School – Hearne Hall,” 27 March 1973. [CVC000615-0000] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1912, 351. ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1969–1970, 128. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, Acc. 88-89/57, file 501/25-2, volume 1, R. D. Ragan to DIAND, 20 June 1957. [DRS-122339-0003] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file E4974-2012, volume 3, G. R. Maxwell to W. Wright, 25 September 1987. [DRS-000170] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1889, 58. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, volume 3925, file 116, 823-1A, Martin Benson to D. C. Scott, 4 March 1918. [ELK-000250] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1924, 13. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, volume 6263, file 578-9, part 2, D. M. MacKay to Deputy Minister, 9 August 1949. [ELK-000162] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1899, xxiii. ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1969–1970, 128. ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1890, 1:94. ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1969–1970, 128. ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1906, xxxii. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file 1/25-13, volume 15, R. F. Davey to Assistant Deputy Minister, Indian and Eskimo Affairs, 18 August 1969. [NCA-011279] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department Indian Affairs, 1891, 99. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, Winnipeg, RG10, Acc. W86-87/083, box 001, file 501/251, volume 2A, J. Malcolm to Friends, 25 May 1975. [PLP-100300] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1906, xxxii. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file 1/25-13, volume 15, R. F. Davey to Assistant Deputy Minister, Indian and Eskimo Affairs, 18 August 1969. [NCA-011279] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1915, xxvi–xxv. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, volume 6267, file 580-1, part. 2, A. F. MacKenzie to Reverend T. B. R. Westgate, 24 April 1933. [DRS-000616] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, volume 8638, file 511/6-1-038, part 1, R. S. Davis to Indian Affairs Branch, 15 December 1952. [GUY-000164] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file E4974-2011, volume 1, Jake Epp to Henry Wilson, 30 August 1979. [GUY-000606] ↩︎

City of Winnipeg, Historical Buildings Committees, “611 Academy – Former Julia Clark School,” August 1997, 1–3, 9–10; TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file 6-21-7, volume 1 (Ctrl #25-7), H. M. Jones to Deputy Minister, 4 July 1958. [NCA011600-0000] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file 1/25-13, volume 20, D. Hueston to A. Akehurst, 4 July 1973. [PLK-001019] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1927, 14. ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1958–1959, 106; Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1959–1960, 96. ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1937, 208. ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1958–1959, 106; Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1959–1960, 96. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada – Ottawa, RG85, file 632-108-1, volume 1, box 22, Quarterly Attendance Report/Fort Franklin – NWT, 09/1967–12/1968, “Pupil Residence Quarterly Return, Fort Franklin,” 30 September 1967. [FFS-000001-0001] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Government of Northwest Territories – Education, Culture and Employment, file 73600-303, volume 2, School Services – Fort Franklin, 01/72–09/73, Transfer No. 0330, box 9, J. A. Coady to N. Macpherson, 22 March 1973. [FFS-000018] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1958–1959, 106. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Government of Northwest Territories – Education, Culture and Employment, file 73-500-402, volume 2, Fort McPherson Hostel [Anglican] – Quarterly Returns [Fort McPherson], 01/72–12/76, Transfer No. 0330, box 8-21, N. J. Macpherson to Member of the Executive for Education, 21 April 1976. [FHU-002403] ↩︎

McCarthy, From the Great River, 159. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Government of Northwest Territories Archives, file 600-1-1, part 4, School Policy [and Hostels], 1959–1961, Archival box 202-1, Archival Acc. G-1979-003, Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, “Historic Names for Northern Schools and Residences,” news release, 2 March 1961. [RCN-010612-0002] ↩︎

Carney, “Relations in Education,” 60. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Departmental Library – Ottawa, “Farewell to St. Joseph’s School, Fort Resolution, N.W.T.,” Indian Record, volume XX, number 5, May 1957. [IMR-000160] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Government of Northwest Territories Archives, file 602, Provincial Schools and Education Systems, 1960–1961, Archival box 211-1, Archival Acc. G-1979-003, Administrator of the Mackenzie to Director, 12 December 1960. [FNU-001695] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Government of Northwest Territories – Education, Culture and Employment, Miscellaneous Hostel Reports, RIMS ID# 1209, box 9, Student Enrolment in Hostels, 1967–1975. [RCN-007181] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Government of Northwest Territories Archives, file 602, Provincial Schools and Education Systems, 1960–1961, Archival box 211-1, Archival Acc. G-1979-003, Administrator of the Mackenzie to Director, 12 December 1960. [FNU-001695] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Government of Northwest Territories – Education, Culture and Employment, Miscellaneous Hostel Reports, RIMS ID #1209, box 9, Student Enrolment in Hostels, 1967–1975. [RCN-007181] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Government of Northwest Territories Archives, Pupil Residence – General, 1973–1978, Archival box 4-2, Archival Acc. G1995-004, R. L. Julyan to R. W. Halifax, 28 December 1977. [LHU000685-0001] ↩︎

Roxanna Thompson, “Dehcho Hall to Close its Doors,” Northern News Services online, 26 January 2009, http://www.nnsl.com/frames/newspapers/2009-01/jan26_09h.html. ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1958–1959, 106. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Government of Northwest Territories – Education, Culture and Employment, Miscellaneous Hostel Reports, RIMS ID #1209, box 9, Student Enrolment in Hostels, 1967–1975. [RCN-007181] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Government of Northwest Territories Archives, file 600-1-1, part 1A, Education, Schools – General Policy, 1962–1969, Archival box 202-4, Archival Acc. G-1979-003, P. Piché to R. J. Orange, 27 May 1964. [GCU-000178] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Diocese of Mackenzie – Yellowknife, NWT, Grandin College – Administration Files, Miscellaneous Papers, Letter Sent on Behalf of Bishop P. Piché and his Diocesan Council, 4 June 1985. [GCU-800247] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Anglican Church of Canada, General Synod Archives, ACC-MSCC-GS 75-103, series 2.15, box 27, file 8, St. Peter’s Mission, Hay River, Diocese of Mackenzie River, Parish History, n.d.; [AAC-087477] Hay River Slides, Alf. J. Vale, n.d. [AAC-087480] ↩︎

The Hay River residential school is listed in the 1937–38 Indian Affairs annual report (Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1938, 231), but not in the 1938–39 annual report (Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1939, 265). ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1958–1959, 106; Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1959–1960, 96. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, No document location, no document file source, B. Pusharenko, Inuvik, NWT, “Demolition of Former Residential School Called for to Put Bad Memories to Rest,” Edmonton Journal, 13 August 1998. [GNN-000298-0026] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1958–1959, 106; Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1959–1960, 96. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Government of Northwest Territories – Education, Culture and Employment, ECE [02330-6, 004508], Government of NWT, Yellowknife, NWT, Peter L. McKlusky to Territorial Auditor, 17 December 1975. [SHU-000074-0000] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1958–1959, 106. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Government of Northwest Territories – Education, Culture and Employment, Misc. Correspondence, 1991–1994, Transfer No. 1531, box 5, C. McLean to J. Stad, 24 June 1994. [AHU004085] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, volume 6054, file 265-1, part 1, Chas Stewart to A. E. MacLean, 22 May 1930. [SRS-000300] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file 211/6-1-010, volume 6, R. F. Davey to Michael Kearney, 12 June 1967. [SRS-000175] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Government of Northwest Territories Archives, file A-630/153-11, part 1, Education Facilities – Schools Small Hostels – Eskimo Point, 1961–1966, Archival box 247-12, Archival Acc. G-1979-003, Pupil Residence Quarterly Return, Eskimo Point Student Hostel, 31 March 1962. [EPS000343] ↩︎

Indian Residential Schools of the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement 2011, IRS School Chart – INAC 2011, document provided to the TRC by Aboriginal and Northern Affairs Canada, 29 September 2011. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Government of Northwest Territories Archives, file 630-150/12-1,2,3, Cambridge Bay Cottage Hostel General, Reports, 1963–1964, Archival box 247-10, Archival Acc. G-1979-003, Pupil Residence Quarterly Return, Cambridge Bay Federal Hostel, 31 March 1964. [CBS-000002-0001] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, CGS Records Warehouse, Iqaluit, Government of Nunavut, Resid – Correspondence – Kitikmeot, 1991–1992, Kitikmeot Region [Kugluktuk] – box 102, CGS Records Warehouse, Iqaluit, Government of Nunavut, List to Kitikmeot Divisional Education Council, Student Accommodation Information – September 30, 1996, 18 October 1996. [CPU-001700-0002] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG85, volume 711, file 630/158-1, part 5, Government School – Chesterfield Inlet N.W.T., 1956–1957, “Boarding Schools for Eskimos – Chesterfield Inlet,” 8 August 1958. [CIU-000485] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Government of Northwest Territories Archives, CR# 71-602-000, Pupil Residence – General, 04/1968–12/71, Archival box 266, Archival Acc. G1999-046, G. Devitt to Director of Education, 5 December 1969. [CIU-001807] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Government of Northwest Territories Archives, file 630-145/22-2, Reports and Returns, Coppermine Tent Hostel School, 1954–1956, Archival box 247-3, Archival Acc. G-1979-003, “Report on the Coppermine Experimental Tent Hostel,” David S. Wilson, undated report. [CPU-0012060002] ↩︎

TRC, NRA Library and Archives Canada – Ottawa, RG85, Perm. volume 644, file 630/145-2, part 7, Anglican Schools – Coppermine, N.W.T. [Incl. Tent Hostel] November 1957–December 1959, FA 85-1, Director to Administrator of the Mackenzie, Fort Smith, N.W.T., 26 September 1959. [CPU000436] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Government of Northwest Territories Archives, file A-600-1-6-1, part 2, Small Hostel, N.W.T, 1962–1965, Archival box 205-4, Archival Acc. G-1979-003, [Illegible] Director to Administrator of the Arctic, 10 January 1962. [IGS-000239] ↩︎

Indian Residential Schools of the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement 2011, IRS School Chart – INAC 2011, document provided to the TRC by Aboriginal and Northern Affairs Canada, 29 September 2011. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Government of Northwest Territories – Education, Culture and Employment, Schools Registers and Hostels Forms 1961–1974 [Ukkivik Hostel], Transfer No. 0274, box 4-23, “Student Residence Quarterly Return,” September 1971. [FBS-000001] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, No document location, no document file source, B. Pusharenko, Inuvik, NWT, “Demolition of Former Residential School Called for to Put Bad Memories to Rest,” Edmonton Journal, 13 August 1998. [GNN-000298-0026] ↩︎

Indian Residential Schools of the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement 2011, IRS School Chart – INAC 2011, document provided to the TRC by Aboriginal and Northern Affairs Canada, 29 September 2011. ↩︎

Indian Residential Schools of the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement 2011, IRS School Chart – INAC 2011, document provided to the TRC by Aboriginal and Northern Affairs Canada, 29 September 2011. ↩︎

Indian Residential Schools of the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement 2011, IRS School Chart – INAC 2011, document provided to the TRC by Aboriginal and Northern Affairs Canada, 29 September 2011. ↩︎

Indian Residential Schools of the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement 2011, IRS School Chart – INAC 2011, document provided to the TRC by Aboriginal and Northern Affairs Canada, 29 September 2011. ↩︎

Indian Residential Schools of the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement 2011, IRS School Chart – INAC 2011, document provided to the TRC by Aboriginal and Northern Affairs Canada, 29 September 2011. ↩︎

Indian Residential Schools of the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement 2011, IRS School Chart – INAC 2011, document provided to the TRC by Aboriginal and Northern Affairs Canada, 29 September 2011. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Government of Northwest Territories Archives, file A-630/170-1, part 1, Education Facilities – Schools Pangnirtung, N.W.T., 1959–1966, Archival box 249-10, Archival Acc. G1979-003, R. L. Kennedy to Regional Administrator, 14 July 1964. [PAS-000083] ↩︎

Indian Residential Schools of the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement 2011, IRS School Chart – INAC 2011, document provided to the TRC by Aboriginal and Northern Affairs Canada, 29 September 2011. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Government of Northwest Territories Archives, file A-630/159-1, part 1, Education Facilities – School Small Hostels – Baker Lake, 1961–1966, Archival box 248-8, Archival Acc. G-1979-003, M. E. Gordon to Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, 21 January 1961. [BLS-000320] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file 600-1-6, volume 10, Hostel Management – N.W.T. [General and Policy], Aug. 1967–Sept. 1968, W. Ivan Mouat, to J. B. Gunn to Regional Administrator to Administrator of the Arctic, 30 January 1968. [RCN-002847] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Government of Northwest Territories Archives, file A-630/1023-11, volume 1, Small Hostels Broughton Island, 1962–1966, Archival box 251-12, Archival Acc. G-1979-003, Broughton Island Federal School Hostel Quarterly Report, 31 December 1962. [BIS-000001] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Government of Northwest Territories Archives, file A-630/1023-11, part 1, Small Hostels Broughton Island, 1962–1966, Archival box 251-12, Archival Acc. G-1979-003, Service Agreement of Hostel Mother, Ada Atagoojuk, Broughton Island Hostel, 1 April 1966. [BIS-000097] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Government of Northwest Territories Archives, file AQR 630/174-11, volume 1, Education Facilities – Small Hostels – Belcher Islands, 1963–1968, Archival box 250-4, Archival Acc. G-1979-003, Peter H. Zacharias to Northern Administration Branch, 31 March 1964. [BES-000002] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Government of Northwest Territories Archives, file AQR 630/174-1, part 1, Education Facilities – School Belcher Islands, 1960–1969, Archival box 250-3, Archival Acc. G1979-003, H. Helbecque to Northern Administrator, Great Whale River, 24 November 1964. [BES-000036] ↩︎

Graham, Mush Hole, 7. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, Acc. 1984-85/112, box 47, file 451/25-1, Newspaper article, “Mohawk Institute May Close after 139 Years,” no date; [TAY-001133] TRC, NRA, Diocese of Huron Archives, Anglican Church of Canada, Huron University College, London, ON, Luxton Papers, box 27, Indian Reserves, Richard Isaac, Six Nations Council To Whom It May Concern, 13 March 1970; [TAY-001432] TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file 479/25-13-001, volume 3, G. D. Cromb to Deputy Minister, 20 March 1970. [TAY-003053-0001] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1908, 289. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, volume 11091, Shannon File, 1948, Letters to Indian Affairs Branch, J. L. Whitney to Philip Phelan, 31 July 1948. [CRS-002092] ↩︎

TRC, ASAGR, Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada, letter received 27 July 1976. [AANDC-01471] ↩︎

Auger, Indian Residential Schools in Ontario, 193. ↩︎

Taylor, “Northern Algonquians,” 350. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file 486/25-13-1, H. B. Rodine to All Program/Section Heads District Supervisor, 8 April 1976. [FTA-000510-0000] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1906, xxxii. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file 1/1-8, volume 3 (Ctrl #123-HQ-7), M. Rehaluk to G. K. Gooderham, 11 March 1974. [NCA-016551-0000] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, volume 6196, file 464-1, part 1, Report on “Fort William Orphanage,” March 1899. [SJS-000153] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, volume 11630, file 492/25-2, M. Ouimet to A. F. McWhinnie, 6 August 1968. [SJS-001351] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada – Ottawa, RG10, volume 6468, file 890-1, part 1, Microfilm reel C-8786, A. W. Vowell to Deputy Superintendent General of Indian Affairs, 5 July 1897. [MIS004738] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file 487/1-18, volume 1, W. McKim to A. Lacerte, 22, undated. [KNR-000214] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1902, 103. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file 486/25-13-1, H. B. Rodine to Program/Section Heads, 8 April 1976, [Program/Section Heads]; TRC, NRA, Ontario Regional Service Centre – LAC – Toronto, file 487/25-1, volume 3, Fred Kelly to Erik Weigeldt, 18 November 1976. [CJC-001887] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1926, 17. ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1969–1970, 128. ↩︎

General Synod of the Anglican Church of Canada, “Bishop Horden Memorial School.” ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file 486/25-13-1, H. B. Rodine to All Program/Section Heads District Supervisor, 8 April 1976. [FTA-000510-0000] ↩︎

Report of the Special Commissioners 1858, n.p. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, volume 6205, file 468-1, part 3, R. A. Hoey to Dr. McGill, 9 November 1942; [MER-000498] TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, volume 6205, file 468-1, part 1, M. Benson to Deputy Superintendent General of Indian Affairs, 28 November 1902; [MER-000328] TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, volume 6205, file 468-1, part 3, R. A. Hoey to Dr. McGill, 9 November 1942; [MER-000498] TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, volume 6205, file 468-1, part 3, R. A. Hoey to George Dorey, 16 June 1944; [MER-000532] TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, file 468-1, volume 6205, part 3, R. A. Hoey to George Dorey, 12 June 1943; [IRC-041082] TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, file 468-1, volume 6205, part 3, George Dorey to R. A. Hoey, 10 June 1943; [MER-000505] TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, volume 6210, file 468-10, part 5, Samuel Devlin to Indian Affairs, 20 May 1946; [MER-003806-0001] Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1969–1970, 128. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, volume 11447, file 494/25-2, part 1, Irwin Schantz to D. B. MacBeth, 29 August 1962. [PHD-000451-0000] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, Margaret Reimer, “Native Mission School Shut Down over Discipline Controversy,” Mennonite Reporter, volume 19, number 22, 13 November 1989. [PHD-000143] ↩︎

Wilson, Missionary work, 129, 130–131. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, Acc. 86-87/347, file 411/25-2, volume 1, A. F. McWhinnie to District Superintendent of Education, Sudbury Agency, 8 June 1970. [SWK-007859] ↩︎

Wilson, Missionary work, 215. ↩︎

From 1895 onwards, Indian Affairs stopped reporting on the Wawanosh school separately, apparently including the former school’s statistics with those for the Shingwauk school. The same principal was responsible for both Anglican schools, which were located in Sault Ste. Marie. Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1895, 19, 330. ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1927, 18. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file E-4974-2008, volume 1, V. Gran to J. R. Wright, 29 August 1978. [PLK-000315-0000] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1914, xxii. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, volume 11359, file 13/25-2-471, part 3, Reverend Wm. Kearns to Parents and Guardians, 4 July 1958; [NCA-013327] TRC, NRA, The Archives of the Jesuits of Upper Canada, Regis College, Toronto, ON, Jesuit Fathers of Upper Canada Archives, “Parish Announcement,” Father E. Dowling, 6 July 1958. [AGA-000812] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1914, xxii. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, Acc. 84-85/112, box 51, file 471/25-2, F. L. Hall to Regional Supervisor , 21 June 1962. [AGA-004741] TRC, NRA, United Church of Canada/Victoria University Archives, Acc. No. 83.050C, box 111, file 2, Morley IRS – Correspondence 1961–62, UCC Docs, Toronto, R. F. Davey, Rev. E. E. M. Joblin, 17 August 1962. [UCA-081423] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, Acc. 1984-85/112, box 101, file 494/25-1, part 3, I. L. Howes to Assistant Regional Director, 10 January 1973. [PHD-000215] ↩︎

Fontaine v. Canada (Attorney General), 2011 CanLII 4938 (ON SC), 6. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, volume 7187, file 371/25-1-021, H. M. Jones to Deputy Minister, 22 September 1955. [NCA-005273] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file 1/25-13, volume 20, D. Hueston to A. Akehurst, 4 July 1973. [PLK-001019] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Anglican Church of Canada, General Synod Archives, Triennial Report of the Board of Management to the Board of Missions, M.S.C.C. 07/1934, Accession GS 75-2A, Archibald [Fleming], Bishop of the Arctic, “The Arctic,” in S. Gould, General Secretary, Board of Management, M.S.C.C., “Triennial Report of the Board of Management, M.S.C.C.,” 4 July 1934, 353. [AGS-000185] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file 371/6-1-019, G. K. Gooderham to E. T. Parker, 27 February 1975. [HFG-000035-0008] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Anglican Church of Canada, General Synod Archives, ACC-MSCC-GS 75-103, series 3:2, box 55, file 6, S. Gould to D. C. Scott, 18 December 1931. [AAC-090271] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file 372/25-13-019, volume 1, Laurent Faucher, Director, Financial and Equipment Services, Cree School Board to Jean-Marie St. Jacques, Assistant Director of Finance, Education Department, 2 August 1978. [FTG000171] ↩︎

Aboriginal and Northern Affairs Canada, List of Recognized Institutions, https://www.aadncaandc.gc.ca/eng/1100100015606/1100100015611 (accessed 3 March 2015). ↩︎

Aboriginal and Northern Affairs Canada, List of Recognized Institutions, https://www.aadncaandc.gc.ca/eng/1100100015606/1100100015611 (accessed 3 March 2015). ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file 630/304-11, volume 2, T. B. Golding to DIAND, 11 January 1960. [PHQ-005752] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, file 380/6-2-007, volume 1, C. L’Heureux to W. J. McGuire, 22 March 1970. [PHQ-005693] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG85, Perm. volume 1435, file 600-14, part 1, Seasonal Schools N.W.T.–General, 1959–1964, FA 85-4, Memorandum from Bishop, R. A., A/Chief, Education Division, Northern Administration Branch, Northern Affairs and National Resources, Ottawa to Director, 9 February 1960. [FGR-000012] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, 2003-0196-4, box 19, file AQR-630/314-1, “George River Seasonal School Report,” November 1960. [FGR-000015-0001] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, Acc. 2003-00196-4, file AQR630/313-1, box 19, volume 1, W. G. Devitt to Administrator of the Arctic, Engineering Section, 21 June 1960. [PBH000107] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, Acc. 2003-00196-4, box 19, file AQR630/313-11, volume 1, page 3 of 3, Enrolment form from Meldrum to Regional Superintendent of Schools, Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, 1 April 1962. [PBH-000121] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG85, volume 1290, file 303/302, part 2, “Great Whale Housing,” 21 September 1960. [GWR-000068] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, Acc. 2003-00196-4, box 12, file AQR, R. G. Armstrong to Y. Gosselin, 22 December 1970. [GWR-000251] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file 21/6-1-355, volume 2, Rev. J. E. DeWolf to C. E. Reynolds, 27 March 1963. [LTR-000338-0002] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG55, Acc. 1989-90/143, box 74, file 7878-01, part 1, Status of closed residences as of June 1977. [HFG-000024-0002] ↩︎

Fontaine v. Canada (Attorney General), 2013 CanLII 1293 (QC CS). ↩︎

Fontaine v. Canada (Attorney General), 2013 CanLII 1293 (QC CS). ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file 21/25-1-354, Pointe Bleue Indian Agency, “Confirmation de l’appel téléphonique à Monsieur Jolicoeur du 7 octobre 1960 date de l’ouverture des classes,” 12 October 1960. [PTB-000301] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file E-4974/076, volume NC 3, Rene Carriere to Rejean Perron, 22 April 1991. [BAX-000905-0001] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file 321/25-1-352 (Ctrl #407-Q-195), Philip Phelan to J. D’Astous, 16 July 1952; [NPC-400716 ] TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, Acc. 1999-01431-6, box 125, file 379/16-2-009, part 1, K. A. Cameron to W. Lauchlan, 6 September 1952. [SIR-000504-0000] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file 379/25-1009, volume 2 (Ctrl #14-25), G. Cromb to Regional Director, 10 March 1971; [NCA-015502] TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG55, Acc. 1989-90/143, box 74, file 7878-01, part 1, Status of closed residences as of June 1977; [HFG-000024-0002] TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file 379/25-1-009, volume 2, A. Gill to G. Cromb, 23 June 1971. [NCA-001483] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1889, 60. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, volume 6307, file 653-1, part 2, Director [to Deputy Minister], 22 June 1949. [FHR-000356] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1884, 154. ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1915, xxvi. ↩︎

Foran, “‘Les Gens de cette place,’” 59. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file E4965-2013, volume 3, Beauval Residential School, box 1, file 1-5, Memorandum of Understanding and Agreement Re: The Beauval Indian Education Centre, 6 June 1995. [BVL-001306] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1901, xxx. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, volume 8756, file 671/25-1-010, “The Fire at the Thunderchild Residential School,” J. B. Cabana, January 1948. [THR-000266-0003] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1894, 76. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file E4974-10474, volume 2, Ray Gamracy to Dana Commercial Credit Canada, 6 June 1996. [SMD-000651-0000] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1888, xii. ↩︎

Gordon’s School, Anglican Indian and Eskimo Residential Schools, Anglican Church of Canada, www.anglican.ca/relationships/histories/gordons-school-punnichy, http://www.anglican.ca/ relationships/histories/gordons-school-punnichy (accessed 5 May 2014). ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1899, 323. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file E4971-361, volume 3, Myler Savill to Lionel Sparvier, 21 July 1997. [MRS-000002-0001] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, volume 6281, file 604-1, part 1, W. McWhinney to E. A. W. R. McKenzie, 10 October 1928. [CTS-000418-0001] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, volume 6282, file 604-5, part 7, Philip Phelan to L. J. Bryant, 6 September 1940. [CTS-000474] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report for the Department of Indian Affairs, 1889, 258. ↩︎

TRA, NRA, Library and Archives Canada – Ottawa, RG10, volume 6281, file 604-1, part 1, Rev. W. McWhinney to Secretary, 27 July 1915. [CRW-000208] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1928, 17. ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1969–1970, 128. ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1907, 119. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Provincial Archives of Alberta, Anglican Diocese of Athabasca Fonds, Edmonton, AB, Acc. PR1970.0387/1641, box 41, Anglican Diocese of Athabasca Fonds, file A320/572, Indian Schools – General, Official Correspondence of Bishop Sovereign, 1941–1947, Report of Fire at All Saints’ School, Lac la Ronge, Sask., 2 February 1947; [PAR-123539] TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, volume 6317, file 656-5, part 8, R. A. Hoey to C. G. Brault, 29 August 1947. [PAR003667] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1884, 161. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file E4974-602017, Irvin Starblanket to Roy Bird, 1 October 1997; [PLD-009978-0002] LaRose, “Wrecker’s ball Claims White Calf Collegiate”; TRC, NRA, Talking points for the media on the closure of White Calf Collegiate in Lebret, Sask., Andrew Bemister to Media, 26 June 1998; [PLD-014223] TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file E4974-6-02017, volume 1, Huck Andrews to INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file E4974-602017, volume 1, 23 July 1998. [PLD-009201-0001 ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1889, 260. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, Muskowekwan Residential School, box 67, file 1, Muskowekwan Education Centre Board of Directors, Minutes 16 July 1997. [MDD-007310-0001] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1893, 75. ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1944, 155. ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1893, 75. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, National Capital Regional Service Centre – LAC – Ottawa, file 671/6-2-025, volume 4, Onion Lake Band Council Resolution, 31 July 1974. [ORC-008733-0002] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, volume 8645, file 651/6-1, part 2, Memorandum to the Deputy Minister, Director [of Indian Affairs], 22 August 1951. [PAR-017615-0000] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file E4974-1355, volume 8, “Education Centre Set to Re-open,” Prince Albert Herald, Carrie Hunter, 15 October 1997. [PAR-003103-0001] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1944, 155. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, volume 8645, file 651/6-1, part 2, Memorandum to the Deputy Minister, Director [of Indian Affairs], 22 August 1951. [PAR-017615-0000] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1890, xii. ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1911, xxvi. ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1893, 246. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, volume 11539, file 677/25-2, James D. Ormiston to Indian Agent, Kamsack, 31 August 1950. [RLS-001087] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1927, 14. ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, RG10, volume 8638, file 511/6-1-038, part 1, E. S. Jones to J. P. B. Ostrander, 6 September 1952. [GUY-000148] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada – Ottawa, RG10, volume 6479, file 940-1, part 1, “The Chooutla Indian School,” Northern Lights, volume XV, number 1, February 1927. [CAR-011225] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1969–1970, 128. ↩︎

Peake, Bishop Who Ate His Boots, 108; TRC, NRA, Anglican Church of Canada, General Synod Archives Northern Lights, Anglican Church of Canada, Newsletter, “St. Paul’s Hostel Dawson,” page 8, November 1920. [DYK-201331] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives of Canada, RG10, volume 8762, file 906/25-1-001, R. J. Meek to Indian Affairs Branch, 4 February 1954. [YKS-000750] ↩︎

Johns, “A History of St Peter’s Mission,” 22; TRC, NRA Anglican Church of Canada, General Synod Archives, Northern Lights, August 1929, “Eskimo Residential School,” 16. [DYK-201365] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada – Ottawa, RG85, Perm. volume 1881, file 630/119-2, part 1, Aklavik Area Residential School September 1936–April 1943, FA 85-8, Field Secretary to R. A. Gibson, 11 August 1936. [RCN-004646-0001] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file 853/25-1, volume 2 (Ctrl #49-5), “Report to the Chief of the Education Division, Indian Affairs Branch, On the Experiment With Integration of Indian Students (R.C.) Into Whitehorse Schools, 1960–1961,” E. Cullinane, 1961. [NCA-009389-0001] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada, volume 2, 04/71–02/80, Student Residence, PARC, I. P. Kirkby to G. D. Cromb, 24 November 1971. [YKS-002862, 25-13] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, Library and Archives Canada – Ottawa, file 921-1, part 1, Yukon Agency – Whitehorse Day School – General Admin., 1911–1949, FA 10-17, volume 6477, Microfilm reel C-8793, R. J. Meek to Unknown, 14 October 1946; [BAP-000307-0001] M. Hackett to P. E. Moore, 24 January 1947. [BAP-000315] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, National Capital Regional Service Centre – LAC – Ottawa, file 1/25-1, volume 15 (locator #H4-77), Yukon, G. R. Cameron to E. A. Côté, 26 May 1966. [NCA-001030] ↩︎

TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, 853/25-1, 1956–1968, volume 2, H. M. Jones to Deputy Minister Attention, 18 August 1960. [YHU-090021-0001] ↩︎

Canada, Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs, 1984–1985, 54; TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, E4974-1, volume 1, 10/1979–10/1987, W. F. Lamont to Director, 6 June, 1985. [YKS-005140] ↩︎